What is the maximum effective range of a firearm?

The maximum effective range of a firearm is defined as the distance at which it can accurately hit a target. This means that at this range, a shooter can consistently achieve a high probability of hitting the intended target, assuming proper aim and conditions. Factors such as bullet drop, wind, and the shooter's skills play crucial roles in determining this range.

While other factors like the bullet's ability to travel long distances are important, they do not necessarily correlate with accuracy. A bullet may travel far beyond the maximum effective range of a firearm, but it may not maintain sufficient velocity or stability to hit a target reliably at those distances. Comfort in holding a firearm or effective shooting at close range are separate considerations that do not define maximum effectiveness in terms of targeting. Therefore, the accurate hitting capability at a specific distance is the key to understanding the maximum effective range.